LEBANON

Lebanon is a country of multiple ong1ns, shaped by 10,000 years of history. From earliest times, its natural beauty and privileged geographical position attracted conquerors and occupiers who left behind traces of their civilizations. Each added an indelible imprint Lo the makeup of what would become modern Lebanon. The legacy of the past is clear from the extraordinary variety of archaeological sites in every corner of the country. From Phoenician sarcophagi to Roman temples, to Crusader castles and Mamlouk mosques, wherever you go evidence of this country’s rich and tormented past comes to light.

CITIES IN LEBANON

MAP

WHAT TO SEE

Anjar

Anjar

Anjar, 58 km from Beirut, is exclusively from one period, going back to the early 8th Century AD. Unlike Tyre and Byblos, which claim continuous habitation since the day they were founded, Anjar flourished for only a few decades. The city benefited from its strategic position on intersecting trade routes leading to Damascus, Homs, Baalbeck and to the South. This almost perfect quadrilateral of ruins lies in the midst of some of the richest agricultural land in Lebanon. It is only a short distance from gushing springs and one of the important sources of the Litani River.

Lebanon

Baalbak

Baalbak

Lebanon's greatest Roman treasure, can be counted among the wonders of the ancient world. These are not only the largest and noblest Roman temples ever built, but they are also among the best preserved. Towering high above the Beqaa plain, their monumental proportions proclaimed the power and wealth of Imperial Rome.

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Byblos

Byblos

Byblos is said to be the oldest inhabited city in the world, the source of the first Phoenician letters that gave us our alphabet. Byblos was the major seaport of the east Mediterranean during the 3rd millennium BC. The ruins include the perimeter walls, the Temple of Baalat-Gebal (the goddess of the city), the Temple of the Gbelisks and the royal tombs. There are also ruins dating from Roman times and the crusader castle and church.

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Tyre

Tyre

Founded at the start of the third millennium BC, Tyre originally consisted of a mainland settlement and a modest island city that lay a short distance off shore. But it was not until the first millennium BC that the city experienced its golden age. In the 10th Century BC Hiram, King of Tyre, joined two islets by landfill. Later he extended the city further by reclaiming a considerable area from the sea.

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The Qadisha Valley

The Qadisha Valley

The Holy Valley and the Forest of the Cedars of God. The Qadisha valley is one of the most important early Christian monastic settlements in the world. Its monasteries, many of which are of a great age, stand in dramatic positions in a rugged landscape. Nearby are the remains of the great forest of cedars of Lebanon, highly prized in antiquity for the construction of great religious buildings.

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Beiteddine Palace

Beiteddine Palace

The Beiteddine palace complex is one of the best examples of early 19th century architecture. It is located 50 km southeast of Beirut and is the home of the Beiteddine Festival every summer.

Lebanon

Jeita Grotto

Jeita Grotto

A wonderland formed of two fabulous grottoes, full of unimaginable beauty. The caves are situated in the Nahr al-Kalb valley within the locality of Jeita, appoximately 11km north of Beirut.

Lebanon
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